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Methods of fixation of the upper limb fractures
Litera, Jan ; Marcián, Petr (referee) ; Florian, Zdeněk (advisor)
The presented bachelor thesis is focused on current methods of a fixation of upper limb fractures. Part of the thesis is a literature review and a description of the upper limb anatomy. This is necessary to solve the problems associated with upper limb fractures. The history of the treatment of upper limb fractures enables to gain an insight and a benefit of the current methods of the fixation of the upper limb. Based on the acquired knowledge, there is created a simple computational model of a humeral fracture fixation using a LCP and a classical plate. The computational model for the specific load models was solved in the Ansys Workbench 18.2 computing system. The biomechanical analysis based on the results presentation of the solution of the described simple model showed differences between the application of the LCP and the classical plate.
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Biomechanical study of the upper extremity plates
Linhart, Lukáš ; Marcián, Petr (referee) ; Florian, Zdeněk (advisor)
This work deals with the possibilities and principles of fixation of fractures of the upper limb. It is divided into five chapters. The introductory chapter discusses the biomechanics and its inclusion in contemporary science. The next chapter describes a brief history of healing and fixation of fractures of the upper limb. The third chapter is devoted to the anatomy of the upper limb, knowledge of which is the effective fixation of fractures of the upper extremity necessary. Another chapter is devoted to the classification and description of the type of osteosynthesis internal fixation of the upper limb. Furthermore, this chapter discusses the principles and mechanisms of LCP fixation. The last fifth point is detailed study of specific humeral locking plate. To create a computational model was used SolidWorks software and ANSYS Workbench.
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Biomechanical study on upper extremity fixation
Rafaj, Svatomír ; Marcián, Petr (referee) ; Florian, Zdeněk (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis deals with fixation and biomechanical aspects of fractures of the upper limb. The first part of the thesis discusses anatomy, knowledge of which is necessary for effective fixation of fractures. It describes the history of inner fixation of fractures and modern curing methods of fractures with a focus on locking compression plates. The second part of the thesis discusses strain-stress analysis of assemblage of humerus and applied locking compression. Computational model was created with the support of ANSYS Workbench 16.0 and SOLIDWORKS 2016 software. Computation was executed by finite element method using ANSYS Workbench 16.0 computational systém.
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Structural members of prostheses of upper extremities
Mužný, Lukáš ; Opl, Miroslav (referee) ; Matějka, Petr (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the upper limb prosthesis. The target of the project is to create an overview of the distribution and types of prostheses and their individual elements. In particular, it deals with the problem myoelctric prostheses. Provides information on the biomechanics of human arm, specifies options grip of the object, gives an overview of the research centers and their substitutes developed upper limbs. It also focuses on the possibility of prostheses control by myoelectric signals.
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The Upper Limb Prosthesis And Its Impact On A Patient's Mental State
Štechová, Eva ; Bachura,, Marek (referee) ; Zdařil, Zdeněk (advisor)
Bachelor's thesis deals with myoelectric upper limb prosthesis and it's effect on mental state of the patient. It was created as a collaboration with company OTTOBOCK SLOVAKIA s.r.o, company that distributes prostheses and other devices to help improve or preserve mobility for disabled patients. I chose one of their products, Greifer, and decided to do a redesign. Greifer is a prosthesis made for delicate work with small objects on one hand, on the other for harder work that requires a firm grip. I created the design with regards to ergonomics, functionality and aesthetic quality. My aim was to create a product that a patient would easily get used to, and it would not draw negative attention of other people, which would have negative effect on a mental health of the patient. Functionally I followed the today's Greifer system provided by Ottobock at first, but then I added the function of rotation around spherical joint, inspired by an actual human wrist joint.
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Effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on the upper limb function of people with C4-C5 spinal cord injury
Halamová, Adéla ; Zvelebilová, Pavlína (advisor) ; Melicharová, Hana (referee)
Title: Effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on the upper limb function of people with C4-C5 spinal cord injury The main objective: The aim of the work was to find out what effect the use of the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation method will have on the function, muscle volume and ranges of movements of the upper limb in people who are affected by a spinal cord lesion in the C4 and C5 region. Furthermore, the work dealt with the subjective feeling of the patients, whether the upper extremity improved after the therapy and if it was possible to involve it more in ADL activities. Methods: 5 probands took part in the study - all men with an average age of 41 years. A total of 3 measurements were performed for the study participants - approx. 2 months before the start of the intervention, before the start of the therapy and after the end. Values such as the volume of the arm muscles in contraction, the range of motion of abduction in the shoulder joint and flexion in the elbow joint were recorded. Another measured subject was the forearm endurance test. Participants also filled out the SCIM form before and after graduation. Probands practiced the method of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation of the 1st diagonal in addition to their regular therapy. They were also instructed...
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Nursing care after upper limb replantation
KOVÁČOVÁ, Michaela
The theoretical part of this thesis first deals with the anatomy of an upper extremity, then it provides an introduction into traumatology, where a reader learns about amputation injuries, particularly about the types of amputation injury and the elementary first aid in such injuries. Further on it concentrates on the pre-surgery preparation for patients with indication to replantation, the course of the operation, post-surgery care and nursing care for patients after replantation in the upper extremity. The goal of this bachelor thesis was to examine the specifics of the nursing care for patients after replantation in the upper extremity. Nurses caring about such patients have numerous uneasy tasks, which they have to fulfil dutifully and with consideration. To be able to provide these patients with the care corresponding with the standards of nursing care, nurses have to have sufficient knowledge, which was the second goal examined within this thesis. Quantitative methodology was chosen for the achievement of these goals in the practical part. Semi-structured interviews related to the research questions were prepared. The survey sample set consisted of nurses working at the department where amputation injuries are sent most often, the trauma surgery department. We found out that if nurses are not sure how to proceed in the care and do not know the exact principles, they either turn to a physician or to a more experienced colleague. The school curriculum in terms of replantation seems insufficient. As summarization and revision of procedures have their importance, preparation of a seminar Nursing Care for Patients after Replantation in the Upper Extremity appears to be reasonable and helpful for nurses providing care to patients with these problems.
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The quality of life of the patients after surgery of the dominant upper limbs
VESELÁ, Kateřina
Human health is considered to be one of the most important values but it is often damaged. Often it is by an injury of the upper limb. Injuries of the upper limb may be caused by carelessness, inattention, or by a complete accident. However, there are also non-traumatic disorders of the upper limb that limit its functions, which are indicated for surgical treatment. On the upper limb, the most frequently area that undergoes surgery is the shoulder, elbow, wrist and hand. The surgery of the dominant upper limb and the associated subsequent convalescence brings patients complications such as movement restriction, pain, dependence on the environment, difficulties in self-service and household operation, inability to work, and can significantly affect the patient's quality of life, which can be changed for a short term, for a long term or permanently. The aim of this work is to analyze the opinions of patients, who have undergone a surgery of their dominant upper limb, the changes of their quality of life both in the short postoperative period and in the long time after. The research itself was carried out through a quantitative research. The chosen data collection technique was a non-standardized questionnaire. The non-standardized questionnaire was designed for patients who have undergone a dominant upper limb surgery. Information was collected in hospitals at the Department of Surgery, Orthopedics and Traumatology. The information obtained showed in what areas of life of patients after the operation of the dominant upper limb the quality of life changed and that it varied according to the location of the injury. It also revealed that the areas in which the quality of life of patients after surgery has changed according to sex. Attention was also paid to the importance of rehabilitation after surgery. The results of the work may contribute to improving the quality of life of patients with this type of injury.
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Occupational therapy treatment strategies in patients with upper limb peripheral nerve injury
Kořánová, Pavlína ; Humhej, Ivan (advisor) ; Kuželková, Anna (referee)
THESIS ABSTRACT Name, surname: Bc. Pavlína Kořánová Supervisor: MUDr. Ivan Humhej, PhD. Labor consultant: Bc. Olga Nováková, M. Sc. Thesis title: Occupational therapy treatment strategies in patients with upper limb peripheral nerve injury Thesis abstract: Peripheral nerve injuries of upper limb are often identified by sensory and motor control deficit. Limitations are most likely evident in their performance of activities of daily living (ADL), leisure and work activities. Significant neurogenic pain is a typically included and can cause poor quality of life. The result of injury is not only affecting the physical area, but also psychological and socio- economic aspects. Treatment is often time-consuming and there is an uncertain prognosis. The overview of the issue summarizes basic information, identification of specific peripheral nerve of upper limb (radial, median, ulnar) and their functional deficits. It also presents actual options of treatment, specially with an emphasis on occupational therapy. The purpose of this final thesis is to extend the knowledge and treatment options of evidence-based occupational therapy. The outputs represent an overview of occupational therapy treatment strategies in patients with upper limb peripheral nerve injury. Among the common effective occupational therapy's...
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Case study of physiotherapy treatment of a patient with diagnosis shoulder luxation with m. deltoideus pareses
Lacinová, Terezie ; Reckziegelová, Petra (advisor) ; Nováková, Tereza (referee)
Author: Terezie Lacinová Title: Case study of physiotherapy treatment of a patient with diagnosis shoulder luxation with m. deltoideus pareses Aims: The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to summarize the theoretical information about the shoulder luxation with concrete complication - paresis of deltoid muscle and to elaborate the patient casuistry of his physiotherapeutical care with the final evaluation of the therapy effect. Methods: The bachelor's thesis has two parts. The first one is general part which summarize the basic anatomy and kinesiology of shoulder, types and classification of shoulder luxation, its complications and resulting physiotherapy intervetion. The second one is special part which contains case study of the patient with this diagnosis with concrete complication. This part includes a complex input kinesiological examination, therapy developments, output kinesiological examination and final therapy effect evaluation. Outcomes: During a one month period the patient attended 8 therapy sessions in total, which has positive effect on the physical and mental health of the patient. This is confirmed by the comparison of the input and output kinesiological examination mentioned in the final chapter of this bachelor's thesis Evaluation of therapy effect. Key words: luxation, sprain,...
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